Military patches are an essential part of any service member’s uniform. They not only serve as a means of identification but also carry significant symbolic meanings. From showcasing rank and achievements to representing the service member’s role and unit, these patches play a vital role in understanding the purpose and experiences of the individual wearing them. This comprehensive guide will delve into different types of military patches, their meanings, and how they contribute to the overall look and functionality of a military uniform.
1. Insignia Patches
Insignia patches are one of the most definitive elements of a military uniform. These patches identify the branch of service that the individual belongs to while on duty. The insignia on the patch will signify whether the person is part of the US Navy, Army, Air Force, Marines, Coast Guard, or Space Force.
The insignia patch is always placed above the left breast pocket of the uniform. This position helps distinguish the service member’s branch, as some uniforms may appear similar, making it difficult to determine the correct branch at a glance. This placement is especially helpful for civilians who may not be familiar with specific military uniforms.
2. Name Patches
Name patches are an essential aspect of every military uniform. Embroidered with the service member’s last name, these patches are positioned above the right-hand side of the uniform. The bold lettering ensures easy readability both up close and from a distance, enabling superiors and fellow service members to quickly identify the individual. This type of patch is standard across all branches of the military, regardless of the particular service.
3. Unit Patches
Unit patches, also known as Shoulder Sleeve Insignias (SSI), are worn by service members operating in combat zones or on deployment in areas with active warfare. These patches signify the specific units or divisions to which the individual is assigned while in combat. Each patch contains unique artwork and insignias that help identify the service member’s specific unit.
Unit patches can also be seen on the uniforms of senior members who have previously served in combat. These individuals may continue to wear patches from units they served with in the past. Typically, unit patches are positioned on the left shoulder of a uniform worn by those serving in active combat zones.
4. Rank and Rate Patches
Rank and rate patches are specific to each branch of service and are among the most crucial elements of a military uniform. These patches represent the service member’s rank, which may change throughout their career. As the individual’s rank increases, they will receive a new patch with different characteristics and insignias to represent their promotion.
For example, in the Navy, the rank and rate are combined into one patch. Other branches follow a similar practice but use different terminology, such as military occupational specialty (MOS) codes, to identify job titles. The job and rank structure depend on factors such as overall time in service, training, combat experience, and specialties acquired along the way.
5. Flag Patches
Ensign patches are worn by all uniformed military personnel and feature the United States national flag. This patch serves as a memorial to those who have served and a physical reminder of what they are fighting for. What makes this patch unique is its orientation when worn on the uniform.
Upon close inspection, you’ll notice that the flag is facing backward on a service member’s uniform. This deliberate choice is symbolic for two reasons. First, it signifies the patriot carrying the flag and how the flag appears as it moves forward. Second, it demonstrates that while on active duty, the individual is actively fighting for peace and democracy. If the patch were to show the flag flying in the opposite direction, it would signal peace and stillness.
6. Duty Tab Patches
Tab patches, also known as specialty patches, are awarded to active service members who go above and beyond the call of duty to gain specialty qualifications. The Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps have what are known as warfare pins, which can be swapped out for tactical patches and attached to the uniform. Only individuals who have excelled in their duties and been selected for specialty training programs can wear these patches.
Tab patches are situated above the unit patch on the left shoulder. They are made with the same woven material used for camouflage uniforms and can include designations for warfare device pins, Ranger, Special Forces, and more.
7. Combat Patches
Combat patches were awarded to those in the military who were present and fighting against the enemy or being attacked on the battlefield. These patches are specifically worn above the Special Skills patches. The Combat Infantryman patch is given to those in Infantry and Special Forces, whereas the Combat Action patch is for those who do not fall into the Infantry or Special Forces categories. Lastly, the Combat Medical patch is issued to those who provided medical assistance while the unit was in the heat of battle.
8. Morale Patches
Morale patches are a unique addition to military uniforms, often used to boost camaraderie and team spirit. These patches can range from humorous and lighthearted designs to commemorative and motivational messages. While not officially part of the standard military uniform, morale patches are often seen on tactical gear, bags, and hats.
Many morale patches are customized and designed with velcro backing, making them easy to attach and remove as needed. They can be made from various materials, such as embroidered fabric, PVC, woven, or even glow-in-the-dark and infrared materials for added functionality and appeal.
9. Infrared Patches
Infrared patches, or IR patches, are designed to enhance the visibility and identification of service members during night operations. These patches feature a unique material that reflects infrared light, making them visible when using night vision devices. This technology allows for quick identification of friendly forces while maintaining a low profile during nighttime missions.
IR patches can come in various designs, such as flags, unit insignias, or other tactical symbols. They are typically equipped with velcro backing, allowing for easy attachment and removal depending on the mission requirements.
